- Which country has Nusantara as its planned new capital?
Answer: Indonesia
- Who is the current President of Iran?
Answer: Masoud Pezeshkian since July 2024.
- Ebrahim Raisi was killed in a helicopter crash in May 2024.
- What is the capital of Iceland?
Answer: Reykjavík
- The capital of Iceland is Reykjavík. It is the largest city in the country and serves as its political, economic, and cultural center.
- Which line serves as the de facto border between Pakistan-administered and Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir?
Answer: Line of Control
- The Line of Control (LoC) serves as the de facto border between Pakistan-administered and Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.
- LOC was established following the Simla Agreement in 1972 and is a heavily militarized zone.
- The Line of Control (LoC) between Pakistan-administered and Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir is approximately 740 km (460 miles) long.
- To convert kilometers (km) into miles (mi), use the following formula: Miles = km × 0.621371
- Simla Agreement was Signed on 2 July 1972 in Shimla, India, between Pakistan and India.
- Signatories: Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (Prime Minister of Pakistan) and Indira Gandhi (Prime Minister of India).
- End of War: The agreement was signed after the 1971 Indo-Pak war, which led to the creation of Bangladesh.
- Recognition of Bangladesh: Pakistan did not recognize Bangladesh under this agreement but later did so in 1974.
- Line of Control (LoC): The Ceasefire Line in Jammu & Kashmir was renamed the Line of Control (LoC), which both countries agreed to respect.
- Peaceful Resolution: Both nations committed to resolving disputes peacefully through bilateral negotiations.
- Non-Interference: Both countries agreed to not interfere in each other’s internal affairs.
- Diplomatic Relations: Agreement to restore diplomatic relations, including reopening embassies and trade links.
- Prisoners of War (PoWs): India agreed to return over 90,000 Pakistani PoWs captured during the 1971 war.
- No Unilateral Alteration of Borders: Both sides agreed that no region’s status would be changed unilaterally.
- International Mediation Avoidance: Disputes should be settled bilaterally without involving third-party mediation (e.g., UN).
- Troop Withdrawal: Both sides agreed to withdraw troops to pre-war positions except for Kashmir.
- In which year was the Durand Line established?
Answer: 1893
- A.A.K. Niazi & Hamoodur Rahman Commission
- Surrender: Lt. Gen. A.A.K. Niazi surrendered to the Indian Army on 16 December 1971 in Dhaka, leading to the creation of Bangladesh.
- Dismissal: In August 1975, he was stripped of rank and military honors following the Hamoodur Rahman Commission Report.
- Hamoodur Rahman Commission (1974):
- Investigated Pakistan’s 1971 defeat and identified military failures.
- Recommended court-martial for Niazi and others for misconduct & surrender.
- Criticized political & military leadership, calling for reforms.
- Who is the current Chief of Army Staff of Pakistan?
Answer: General Syed Asim Munir Ahmed Shah
- As of March 2025, General Sahir Shamshad Mirza is the Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff Committee (CJCSC) of Pakistan. He was appointed on November 27, 2022. Previously, he served as Corps Commander Rawalpindi and Chief of General Staff.
- As of March 2025, Lt. Gen. Muhammad Asim Malik is the DG ISI, appointed on September 30, 2024, succeeding Lt. Gen. Nadeem Anjum. Previously, he served as Adjutant General at GHQ and commanded key military units in Balochistan and South Waziristan.
- Which city is the capital of New Zealand?
Answer: Wellington
- How many divisions does Punjab province have?
Answer: 10
- How many district does Punjab province have? Punjab province has 41 districts as of 2024.
- Which Pakistani dry port is known for textile exports?
Answer: Faisalabad Dry Port
- Karachi Port is the biggest seaport in Pakistan.
- Lahore Dry Port is the biggest dry port in Pakistan.
- Which line separates Pakistan and Afghanistan?
Answer: Durand Line
- What is the length of Pakistan’s coastline?
Answer: 1,046 km
- There are varying estimates for the length of Pakistan’s coastline. Some sources mention 1,046 km, while others state 1,058 km. The official figure often cited in government and defense records is 1,046 km. However, some geographical surveys extend it to 1,058 km by including certain coastal extensions.
- Which city in Pakistan has the largest dry port?
Answer: Lahore
- The Radcliffe Line was drawn in which year?
Answer: 1947
- What is Radcliffe Line? The Radcliffe Line is the boundary line that was drawn between India and Pakistan at the time of partition in 1947. It was named after Sir Cyril Radcliffe, who was the chairman of the Boundary Commission responsible for demarcating the borders of Punjab and Bengal.
- Who is the current Chief Secretary of Punjab?
Answer: Zahid Akhtar Zaman
- How many divisions are there in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)?
Answer: 10
- Which Pakistani dry port is closest to the Afghan border?
Answer:
- The Torkham Dry Port is the closest Pakistani dry port to the Afghan border. It is located near the Torkham border crossing in Khyber District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and serves as a major trade hub between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
World Capitals & Leadership
- What is the capital of Cyprus?
Answer: Nicosia
- The capital of Cyprus is Nicosia. It is the only divided capital in the world, with the northern part controlled by the self-declared Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) and the southern part governed by the Republic of Cyprus.
- Which country has Nairobi as its capital?
Answer: Kenya
- The capital of Kenya is Nairobi. It is the largest city in the country and a major economic and political hub in East Africa.
- Who is the current President of Brazil?
Answer: Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva
- The current President of Brazil is Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, serving since January 1, 2023.
- Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva served his first term as President of Brazil from 2003 to 2007 and was re-elected for a second term from 2007 to 2011. During his presidency, he focused on economic growth, poverty reduction, and social programs like Bolsa Família.
- Bolsa Família is a social welfare program in Brazil aimed at reducing poverty and improving education and healthcare for low-income families. Launched in 2003 during Lula da Silva’s first presidency, it provides conditional cash transfers to families who meet specific requirements, such as ensuring their children attend school and receive vaccinations. The program has been credited with reducing poverty and income inequality in Brazil.
- The Prime Minister of Sri Lanka is:
Answer: Haniri Kumarasuria since September 2024. She’s the third female Sri Lankan female Premier.
- The first female Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (and the world) was Sirimavo Bandaranaike. She took office on July 21, 1960 and served three terms (1960–65, 1970–77, and 1994–2000).
- Which city is the capital of Thailand?
Answer: Bangkok
- The capital of Thailand is Bangkok. It is the largest city in the country and serves as Thailand’s political, economic, and cultural center.
- On March 29, 7.7 magnitude earthquake strick Myanmar with tremors felt across Thailand and China.
- The United States Geological Survey estimates that the death toll from the Myanmar disaster could range between 10,000 and 100,000.
- Cyclone Nargis was a Category 4 tropical cyclone that struck Myanmar on May 2, 2008. It caused catastrophic damage, especially in the Irrawaddy Delta, leading to over 138,000 deaths and affecting millions. It was one of the deadliest cyclones in history, causing widespread flooding and destruction.
- Myanmar Civil War
- Start of Conflict – The civil war escalated after the military coup on February 1, 2021, which ousted the democratically elected government of Aung San Suu Kyi.
- Main Parties Involved – The conflict is between the Tatmadaw (Myanmar military) and various ethnic armed groups (EAGs), as well as the People’s Defense Force (PDF), formed by pro-democracy activists.
- Casualties and Displacement – Since 2021, over 30,000 deaths have been reported, with more than 2.6 million people displaced due to violence.
- Major Conflict Zones – Fighting is concentrated in Chin, Kayah, Kachin, and Shan States, as well as Sagaing and Magway regions.
- Rohingya Crisis – Brief Summary
The Rohingya are a Muslim minority in Myanmar, denied citizenship under the 1982 Citizenship Law and facing decades of persecution. In 2017, a military crackdown forced over 740,000 Rohingya to flee to Bangladesh, leading to allegations of genocide. Today, over 1 million refugees live in Cox’s Bazar, facing poor conditions and uncertain futures. Efforts for repatriation have failed due to security concerns and lack of rights, while the international community continues to call for justice and a long-term solution.
- As of March 31, 2005, Min Aung Hlaing served as Acting President and Prime Minister of Myanmar. He assumed the role of President on July 2024, following the medical leave of former Acting President Myint Swee. Myint Swee was leading Myanmar since 2021 Cope. He was initially the Chairman of State Administration Council.
Olympic Games & Sports
- Where were the 2024 Summer Olympics held?
Answer: Paris
- The 2024 Summer Olympics were held in Paris, France, from July 26 to August 11, 2024.
- Paris hosted the Olympics for the third time (previously in 1900 and 1924).
- Events were held in 16 other cities across France, including Tahiti (French Polynesia) for surfing.
- The opening ceremony took place along the Seine River, marking the first time in history athletes paraded in boats.
- The Games featured 329 events across 32 sports and 48 disciplines.
- Breaking (breakdancing) made its Olympic debut.
- United States topped the medal tally with 40 gold medals and a total of 126 medals.
- China won 40 gold medals but finished second with a total of 91 medals.
- Which city will host the 2028 Summer Olympics?
Answer: Los Angeles
- There are eight Union Territories (UTs) in India. Previously, India had seven UTs, but after the reorganization on October 31, 2019, Jammu & Kashmir was bifurcated into two UTs—Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh—bringing the total to eight.
- India has a total of 28 states and 8 Union Territories. U.T. is the largest state by area is Rajasthan and smallest one is Goa. The most populous state is Uttar Pradesh, while the least populous is Sikkim. Delhi is also a Union Territory with special status as NCT, National Capital Territory. The newest Union Territories are Ladakh, Jammu and Kashmir.
- India has no national language but has two official languages at the central level: Hindi and English.
- Hindi (in Devanagari script) is the official language of the Indian government (Article 343).
- English continues to be used for official purposes alongside Hindi.
- India’s Constitution recognizes 22 languages under the Eighth Schedule, known as scheduled languages.
- States can have their own official languages, such as Tamil in Tamil Nadu or Bengali in West Bengal.
- National Language of Bangladesh: Bengali (Bangla) is the national and official language of Bangladesh. It is spoken by over 98% of the population.
- Currency of Myanmar: The official currency of Myanmar is the Kyat(MMK).
- Capital of Japan: Tokyo is the capital of Japan. It is the political, economic, and cultural center of the country.
- Currency of Japan: The official currency of Japan is the Japanese Yen (JPY, ¥).
- Currency of Venezuela: The official currency of Venezuela is the Venezuelan Bolívar (VES).
- In China, the administrative divisions are structured as follows:
- 23 provinces (China considers Taiwan its 23rd province, though it governs itself independently).
- 5 autonomous regions (with significant ethnic minority populations).
- 4 direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing).
- 2 special administrative regions (SARs) (Hong Kong and Macau), which have a high degree of autonomy.
Objective Points:
- China has 23 provinces (including Taiwan, which China claims).
- There are 5 autonomous regions (e.g., Tibet, Xinjiang).
- There are 4 direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Chongqing).
- 2 Special Administrative Regions (SARs) exist: Hong Kong and Macau.
- Total: 34 administrative divisions (excluding disputed Taiwan).
- Which year did Pakistan first participate in the Olympics?
Answer: 1948
- Which sport has given Pakistan the most Olympic medals?
Answer: Hockey
- What is the name of the governing body for the Olympic Games?
Answer: IOC (International Olympic Committee)
Pakistan’s Current Affairs & Leadership
- Who is the current Chief Minister of Punjab?
Answer: Maryam Nawaz
- Current Chief Minister of Punjab (2025): Maryam Nawaz. She assumed office: February 26, 2024
- Political Party: Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz (PML-N)
- Significance: First female Chief Minister of Punjab
- Election: Elected unopposed after her opponent, Rana Aftab Ahmad Khan of PTI, withdrew following a boycott by PTI members.
- Key Initiatives:
- Establishment of a public cancer hospital in Lahore
- Distribution of laptops and scholarships to students.
- Controversies: Facing criticism over the Punjab Defamation Bill, which some argue could restrict freedom of speech.
- Who is the Governor of Sindh?
Answer: Kamran Tessori
- Here’s a structured, objective breakdown of Maryam Nawaz’s key policies and initiatives in Punjab since assuming office:
Healthcare Initiatives
- Maryam Nawaz Community Health Services: Integrated 39,000 lady health workers and 20,000 health inspectors to improve vaccinations and patient records.
- Air Ambulance Service: First province in Pakistan to introduce rapid medical air assistance.
- Free Medicine Distribution: 90% of essential medicines, including cancer drugs, provided free in public hospitals.
- Children’s Heart Surgery Program: Launched to clear backlog of pediatric heart surgeries with free treatment.
Youth Empowerment & Education
- Chief Minister’s Skills Development Program: 4,000 youth trained annually in cloud computing, cybersecurity, and AI, with plans for expansion.
- Loan Program for Young Entrepreneurs: Offers loans up to Rs. 30 million for startups and businesses.
- Scholarship Expansion: 50,000 scholarships introduced, covering private university students.
Environmental & Urban Development
- ‘Suthra Punjab’ Cleanliness Program: Zero-waste target in 3 months, modern cleaning equipment, and new employment opportunities.
- Smog Mitigation & Climate Diplomacy: Proposed collaboration with India to tackle cross-border air pollution in Lahore and Delhi.
Tourism & Cultural Preservation
- ‘Magnificent Punjab’ Tourism Initiative: Restoration of 170 historical sites, including gurdwaras and churches, into world-class tourist destinations.
- Punjab Tourism & Heritage Authority: Established to regulate and promote Punjab’s tourism sector.
These initiatives highlight her focus on healthcare, education, environment, and tourism.
- Punjab Public Schools Reorganization Program (2024)
- Privatization of Schools: 13,000 underperforming public schools outsourced to private entities and NGOs.
- Financial Model: Govt. pays Rs. 650 per student/month to private partners; education remains free.
- Government Oversight: Punjab govt. ensures monitoring and quality control.
Objectives:
- Improve education quality and infrastructure.
- Enroll 1.8 million out-of-school children.
- Save Rs. 40 billion and create 70,000 jobs.
Criticism:
- Teacher unions oppose, citing past failures and funding concerns.
- Fear of declining education quality and accessibility.
- Who is the Chief Justice of the Peshawar High Court?
Answer: S..M. Antique Shah on 14 February 2025.
- IGP Balochistan: Mozzam Jah Ansari.
- CM Sindh: Syed Murad Ali Shah
- Governor Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Faisal Karim Kundi
- Chief Justice Lahore High Court: Aalia Neelum
- IGP Punjab: Dr. Usman Anwar
- CM Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Ali Amin Gandapur
- Governor Balochistan: Sheikh Jaffar Khan Mandokhail
- Chief Justice Balochistan High Court: Muhammad Hashim Kakar
- IGP Sindh: Ghulam Nabi Memon
- Governor Punjab: Sardar Saleem Haider Khan
- CM Balochistan: Sarfraz Bugti
- IGP Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Zulfiqar Hameed
- Who is serving as the Inspector General of Police in Balochistan?
Answer: Abdul Khaliq Sheikh
- Who is the current Chief Minister of Sindh?
Answer: Syed Murad Ali Shah. It’s his third term in the office.
- Who is the Governor of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa?
Answer: Faisal Karim Kundi
- Who is the Chief Justice of the Lahore High Court?
Answer: Aalia Neelum
- As of April 1, 2025, Justice Aalia Neelum is the Chief Justice of the Lahore High Court. She made history as the first woman to hold this position, assuming office on July 11, 2024. She was appointed as a judge of the Lahore High Court in 2013.
- Who is the Inspector General of Police in Punjab?
Answer: Dr. Usman Anwar
- Who is the Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa?
Answer: Ali Amin Gandapur.
- As of April 1, 2025, Ali Amin Gandapur is the Chief Minister of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. He took office on March 2, 2024, representing Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). Previously, he served as Federal Minister for Kashmir Affairs and Provincial Minister for Revenue and Estate. His priorities include healthcare restoration (Sehat Insaf Card) and improving law and order.
- Who serves as the Chief Justice of the Sindh High Court?
Answer: Muhammad Junaid Ghaffar.
- Who is the Governor of Balochistan?
Answer: Sheikh Jaffar Khan Mandokhail.
- As of April 1, 2025, Sheikh Jaffar Khan Mandokhail serves as the 24th Governor of Balochistan, Pakistan. He assumed office on May 6, 2024, succeeding Abdul Wali Kakar.
- Who is the Chief Justice of the Balochistan High Court?
Answer: Muhammad Ijaz Swati.
- Who is serving as the Inspector General of Police in Sindh?
Answer: Ghulam Nabi Memon.
- Who holds the position of Governor of Punjab?
- Answer: Sardar Saleem Haider Khan
- Who is the Inspector General of Police in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa?
Answer: Zulfiqar Hameed
- Who is the Chief Minister of Balochistan?
Answer: Sarfraz Bugti who is the son of late Ghulam Qadir Bugti.
📍 English Language Educator | Blogger & Content Strategist | 7+ Years in Educational Blogging
Nosheen Bashir is a dedicated English teacher and experienced blogger with over seven years of expertise in content creation and educational writing. Passionate about language, literature, and effective communication, she combines her teaching experience with blogging skills to create insightful, research-backed content that helps learners and educators alike.
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